Generally speaking, in the UK there are three types of business insurance; Public liability, Product Liability and Employers Liability Insurance.
Of the three, only Employers Liability Insurance is required by law; and this only applies if you have any 'employees' working under your direction. Although you may not consider yourself to have any employees, you would do well to check as the definition of an 'employee' to insurers is very, very wide. Some individual cases where successful claims were made were highly tenuous and can include family members or friends working under you for very short periods of time. So consider freelancers, contractors, sub-contractors, interns or anyone doing paid work, even if it's only as a favour. To be more certain of your own position, contact your accountant or HMRC.
By law, the minimum legal coverage your business should have should be up to £5,000,000; although many business insurers will provide up to £10,000,000 in cover and others will combine both employers liability cover with both public and product liability into one comprehensive policy.
The slightly less essential public and product liability covers protect you from more general incidents. If you offer products or services, such insurance cover should protect you from any claims that result from illness, injury or damage caused by your products or services, such as a customer injuring themselves whilst using your product or perhaps someone claiming food poisoning as a result of your catering services. Some authorities and committees will require that you have some form of cover when working with them to protect themselves, this is common for businesses that use a tender process as part of their supplier selection process. This is perhaps a problem to service providers; those who sell an isolated product usually have a fair idea of the risks involved, services however are often tailored to particular circumstances and clients, and they have a tendency to change over time. So if you design websites for example, a client could misuse the solution you put in place, ruin their site and their brand, and later blame you for a lack of training.
Although these cases are rare, they do occur. It's because of this rarity that many businesses neglect to insure themselves, but the problem is that when they do get sued, the costs are never small when the claim is successful. It's like playing on a monopoly board where Mayfair has three hotels, it's unlikely that you'll land there... But when you do the costs can lose you the game, or bankrupt you in real terms.
The same applies to Public Liability. This protects you from the public at large, should they fall down some stairs in your premises, scald themselves using a tap or should they trip over your doormat, you're covered. Many businesses believe that they shouldn't have to pay out for their customer's stupidity or lack of bodily coordination, but the simple fact is that if they injure themselves on your premises and make a claim, you stand to lose a lot of money if you're not insured; relying on their goodwill and their acceptance of their own clumsiness and lack of awareness is unlikely to get you very far.
That said, it is prudent to take out this cover anyway. Many smaller businesses could never afford to pay the damages resulting from a claim, but they may well find a commercial business insurance policy to be within their grasp. As the English proverb goes, it's better to have it and not need it, that to need it and not have it.
For a quote or advice, contact a specialist Business Insurance Broker.
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